Cardiac Volumes are the amount of blood moved by the heart at any time:
Stroke Volume (SV): This is the amount of blood pumped from the heart, each time the heart contracts. At rest this is between 70-100ml, during exercise the figure increases to 113-179ml. The fitter an individual is, the higher their stroke volume.
Cardiac Output (CO): The amount of blood ejected from the heart in the space of a minute. This can be calculated by multiplying the stroke volume and the heart rate (beats per minute). This can range from 5,000ml at rest to 35,000ml during maximal exercise.
End Diastolic Volume (EDV): The amount of blood within the left ventricle prior to the contraction (systolic) phase of a heart beat.
End Systolic Volume (ESV): The volume of blood remaining in the ventricle after contraction. The stroke volume is equal to EDV-ESV
