Anatomy and Physiology

Human Anatomy and Physiology of the human body explained in simple bite sized chunks with anatomical diagrams. Free anatomy online resources with anatomy quizzes, click on the links below.

	The Skeleton & Bones The human skeleton - Learn the bones of the human skeleton. The spine - Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum and Coccyx. Types of bones - Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones. Structure of a bone - Diaphysis, epiphysis, metaphysis.... Types of joint - Hinge joint, pivot joint, ball and socket, saddle.... Terms of movement - Sagittal plane, transverse plane..... flexion and extension.

	Muscles Major muscles of the human body - pictures, actions, insertions... Types of muscle - Smooth muscle, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle. Structure of skeletal muscle - explained with diagrams. Fibre types - Slow twitch, fast twitch muscle fibres. Shapes of skeletal muscle - Pennate, fusiforn, circular.... Types of muscle contractions - Istokinetic, isotonice, isometric... Sliding filament theory - The science of muscle contraction. Motor units and nerves - How a nerve makes a muscle move.

	Energy Systems & Physiology Respiration introduction - aerobic, annaerobic, krebs cycle... Response to exercise - human bodies response to regular exercise. Oxygen debt and recovery - Lactic acid explained. The digestive system - Human digestive system explained. Short term effects of exercise - Circulatory system, respiratory system and muscles. Long term effects of exercise - Circulatory system, respiratory system and muscles.

	The Heart & Lungs Circulatory system - the heart and blood vessels explained. Blood flow & blood pressure - How blood flow and pressure changes. Blood composition - Explains what our blood is made up of. The Heart - Anatomy of the heart. The Heart Beat - Science of the heart beat. Cardiac Volumes - Technical terms for blood flow in the heart. Arteries - carry blood out of the heart. Capillaries - tiny blood vessels. Veins - Carry blood back to the heart. Respiratory system (lungs etc) - Breathing and the lungs. The mechanics of breathing - How the lungs work. Respiratory volumes - Technical terms for lung function. Gaseous exchange in the lungs - How oxygen gets into the blood. VO2 Max - VO2 Max explained.