 |
Joints allow movement in dynamic
sporting situations
There are six main TYPES of joint |
Ball and socket - This type of bone placement allows
for rotation. There is a ball shaped end to a bone which sits in a socket
and is able to move in almost any direction.
Hinge - The hinge joint allows flexion and extension
of the joint. The joint acts like a hinge on a door, allowing the joint
to “open” and “close.”
Condyloid - Similar to the ball and socket joint, the
condyloid joint allows circular motion. In the condyloid joint, the ball
rests up against the end of a bone rather than inside a socket. Example:
The carpals of the WRIST rest against the end of the RADIUS bone of the
forearm.
Saddle - The saddle joint allows movement in various
directions. For example, where the THUMB meets the wrist the bones fit
up against each other like a saddle fits over the back of a horse.
Pivot - A pivot joint allows bones to pivot or rotate
against each other. The atlas (first cervical vertebrae) and the axis
(second cervical vertebrae) pivot against each other.
1) Can you identify the type of joint at each labeled area? There are
clues in some of the questions and you will need to look closely!
2) Which sports rely on whole body movement? Which sports rely on smaller, fine movements?
| 3) These pictures show damage to the knee joint. Which TWO of
the following sports do you think are MOST likely to cause damage
to the knee joint? (Note: the synovial membrane, fluid and joint
capsule are not shown) |
 |
